Gholamreza Zakiany; Mahin Bagheri; Mehdi Mirzapour
Abstract
In this research, we firstly reconstruct the Aristotelian categorical syllogism using the concept of inclusion(=subset). Then, we prove the soundness of the equation “Aristotelian syllogism= Inclusion properties + Proof by contradiction + Existential import”. The proof of this equation ...
Read More
In this research, we firstly reconstruct the Aristotelian categorical syllogism using the concept of inclusion(=subset). Then, we prove the soundness of the equation “Aristotelian syllogism= Inclusion properties + Proof by contradiction + Existential import”. The proof of this equation will be formed by reconstructing the Aristotelian syllogism. There is a consensus view among the old logicians in favor of the usage of existential import as an assumption. Also, the proof by contradiction is considered as a general logical principle. Consequently, it can be concluded that the inclusion and its properties are the core important elements of the Aristotelian categorical syllogism. In the end, after introducing the concept of complexity of syllogism based on the properties of inclusion, we point out the concepts of self-evidency and groundability and their relationship in the Aristotelian categorical syllogism setting. We clarify that the relation of being self-evident and groundability is not equality and the groundability is a more general concept with respect to being self-evident..
mohammad amin baradaran nikou; gholamreza zakiany; malek hoseini; hasan miandari
Abstract
Aristotle, in Posterior Analytics, A.2, introduces the principles of science. In Post An, A10, He describes three kinds of foundations of science. There seem to be some discrepancies between the classification in A.2 and three kinds of the foundations in A.10. It is ...
Read More
Aristotle, in Posterior Analytics, A.2, introduces the principles of science. In Post An, A10, He describes three kinds of foundations of science. There seem to be some discrepancies between the classification in A.2 and three kinds of the foundations in A.10. It is also not clear which of these principles and foundations can have all the features of a premise of science. This paper represents the puzzles that arise in interpreting the texts in question. It describes the Aristotle’s principles of science and suggests that only one kind of them can be considered as a premise of science; the principles that assume both the subject of science is and what it is. It is necessary to distinguish between Aristotle's premises of science, the foundations of science and the prior knowledge. The puzzles are solved with the help of this distinction and notes from other texts in Post An. So a consistent interpretation between A.2 and A.10 is achieved. The proper interpretation helps to understand Aristotle’s epistemology correctly.
